September 03, 2010
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| Phenylmethimazole Blocks Palmitate-Mediated Induction of Inflammatory Cytokine Pathways in 3T3L1 Adipocytes and RAW 264.7 Macrophages - Journal of Endocrinology |
| McCall KD et al. – Visceral adipocytes and associated macrophages produce and release excessive amounts of biologically active inflammatory cytokines via the portal and systemic vascular system which induce insulin resistance in insulin target tissues such as fat, liver, and muscle. Free fatty acids (FFAs) absorbed via the portal system or released from adipocytes also induce insulin resistance. The results suggest that through inhibition of FFA–mediated signaling in adipocytes and associated macrophages, as well as possibly other insulin target cells/tissues (i.e. non–immune cells); C10 might be efficacious to prevent or reverse cytokine–induced insulin resistance seen in obesity–related insulin resistance and T2DM.... |
| Effect of a continuous diabetes lifestyle intervention program on male workers in Korea - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice |
| Kang JY et al. – This study was conducted to compare the effects of two years of lifestyle intervention to no intervention or one year of intervention on diabetes risk factors in male workers with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or diabetes. Continuous lifestyle intervention for two years is more effective at improving diabetes risk factors than OIG.... |
| The potential impact and optimal cut-points of using glycated haemoglobin, HbA1c, to detect people with impaired glucose regulation in a UK multi-ethnic cohort - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice |
| Mostafa SA et al. – Recommended diagnostic cut–points to detect impaired glucose regulation (IGR, also termed prediabetes: impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance based on WHO 1999 criteria) are HbA1c 6.0–6.4% and 5.7–6.4% from an International Expert Committee and American Diabetes Association, respectively. The authors investigated the impact on prevalence/phenotype from using these criteria compared to IGR detected on oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) and determined optimal HbA1c cut–points for IGR in a multi–ethnic cohort. Recommended HbA1c cut–points to detect IGR significantly increase numbers detected, however introduce a change in people identified. Using HbA1c 6.0–6.4% lacks sensitivity in white Europeans, but is a reasonable option in south Asians.... |
| Reducing fracture risk with calcium and vitamin D - Clinical Endocrinology |
| Lips P et al. – Studies of vitamin D and calcium for fracture prevention have produced inconsistent results, as a result of different vitamin D status and calcium intake at baseline, different doses and poor to adequate compliance. This study tries to define the types of patients, both at risk of osteoporosis and with established disease, who may benefit from calcium and vitamin D supplementation. The findings of community–based clinical trials with vitamin D and calcium supplementation in which compliance was moderate or less have often been negative, whereas studies in institutionalized patients in whom medication administration was supervised ensuring adequate compliance demonstrated significant benefits.... |
| Association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D, somatic muscle weakness and falls risk in end-stage renal failure - Clinical Endocrinology |
| Boudville N et al. – Suboptimal levels of 25–hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) are common in haemodialysis patients (Chronic Kidney disease–5D: CKD–5D) and may be associated with reduced muscle strength and increased falls risk. The authors tested the hypothesis that 25OHD levels may be independently associated with falls risk in CKD–5D. Suboptimal levels of 25OHD in CKD–5D are associated with reduced quadriceps muscle strength and increased falls risk. 25OHD may be more important than the active renal metabolite 1,25(OH)2D for muscle strength with implications for vitamin D choice and goals of supplementation. Further investigation is required to examine effectiveness of calciferol supplementation on the incidence of falls in CKD–5D.... |
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