| Recruitment of a Community-based Cohort for Research on Diversity and Risk of Dementia - Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders |
| Hinton L et al. – The community screen identified candidates for an in depth clinical evaluation and enrollment in longitudinal research, and the authors examined factors that predicted a positive response to invitation for the clinical evaluation. Individuals with a broader fund of knowledge were more likely to participate independent of other variables including ethnicity and education. When diversity is an important goal active outreach is far more efficacious than clinic–based and advertising–based approaches to recruitment.... |
| Violence against women: The perspective of academic women - BMC Public Health |
| Kalaca S et al. – Academic women introduced an ecological approach for the explanation of VAW by stressing the importance of taking into account the global context of the occurrence of VAW. Similar studies with various community members –including men– will help to define targeted interventions.... |
| Child mortality from solid-fuel use in India: a nationally-representative case-control study - BMC Public Health |
| Bassani DG et al. – Child mortality risks, from all causes, due to solid fuel exposure were lower than previously, but as exposure was common solid, fuel caused 6% of all deaths at ages 0–4, 20% of deaths at ages 1–4 or 128 000 child deaths in India in 2004. Solid fuel use has declined only modestly in the last decade. Aside from reducing exposure, complementary strategies such as immunization and treatment could also reduce child mortality from acute respiratory infections.... |
| Case-Mix Adjustment and Enabled Reporting of the Health Care Experiences of Adults With Disabilities - Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation |
| Palsbo SE et al. – Self–reported activity limitations incorporating standard questions from the American Community Survey can be used to create a disability case–mix index and to construct profiles of a population's activity limitations. The enabled comparative report, which we call the Assessment of Health Plans and Providers by People with Activity Limitations, is more cognitively accessible than typical CAHPS report templates for state Medicaid plans. The CAHPS Medicaid reporting tools may provide misleading ratings of health plan and physician quality by people with disabilities because the mean ratings do not account for systematic biases associated with disability. More testing on larger populations would help to quantify the strength of various reporting biases.... |
September 02, 2010
|
| Generalizability of clinical trials for cannabis dependence to community samples - Drug and Alcohol Dependence |
| Okuda M et al. – The results also support the notion that clinical trials tend to recruit highly selective samples, rather than adults who are representative of typical patients. Clinical trials should carefully evaluate the effects of eligibility criteria on the generalizability of their results. Even in efficacy trials, stringent exclusionary criteria could limit the representativeness of study results.... |
| Community Management of Anti-malarials in Africa and Iatrogenic Risk - Journal of Tropical Pediatrics |
| Orostegui L et al. – A persistent fever suspected to be due to malaria was treated inappropriately with atovaquone–proguanil and then with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine again. Cumulative toxicity of anti–malarials leads to irreversible hepatic damages requiring hepatic transplantation. Community caretakers must be aware of the potential side effects and the contraindications of anti–malarials. Early identification of drug–induced toxicity and immediate discontinuation of the drug are the more effective tools to limit the progression of tissue damage.... |
| Estimation of Prostate Size in Community-dwelling Men - Urology |
| Jacobson DJ et al. – The study uses two population–based samples of prostate cancer–free men to develop and validate a novel multivariable equation for estimating prostate volume (PV). Previous investigators have demonstrated the ability to use serum prostate–specific antigen (PSA) levels to estimate PV in men without prostate cancer; however, the ability of additional clinical variables to further enhance PV estimation in these men remains unclear. The data suggest that PV can be estimated with easily obtained clinical variables. Moreover, the authors demonstrate that age and weight can be added to PSA level to achieve greater accuracy in predicting PV. This methodology may prove useful for estimating PV in men in settings where costs and practicality preclude the use of imaging techniques.... |
More News...
|
