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September 03, 2010 Assessing the initiation and completion of adjuvant chemotherapy in a large nationwide and population-based cohort of elderly patients with stage-III colon cancer - Medical Oncology Hu CY et al. – Randomized trials conducted in the 1980s have established the effectiveness of 5–fluorouracil–based adjuvant chemotherapy in treating stage–III colon cancer. However, the initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy is just the first step for survival improvement. Little is known about the actual completion rate of such a therapy in the community. ... Crohn's disease limited to the appendix: a case report in a pediatric patient - Pediatric Surgery International Bischoff A et al. – A magnetic resonance enterography was ordered and showed an enlarged enhancing appendix. An exploratory laparoscopy identified an appendix with macroscopic cobblestone or lymphoid reaction that histologically was consistent with Crohn's disease. It appears that the Crohn's appendix is more indolent than Crohn's disease of the ileum or colon, with a recurrence rate in the largest series of 8%. The interval time from diagnosis to recurrence varied from 1 to 48 months with an average of 19 months. Some authors debate the need of follow up at all in those patients, believing that the appendectomy alone is curative in the majority of patients. ... Hepatic progenitor cells in chronic hepatitis C: a phenomenon of older age and advanced liver disease - Virchows Archiv Delladetsima J et al. – Hepatic progenitor cells (HPC) appear in a variety of liver diseases. Their occurrence in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) remains unclear, and triggering factors have to be elucidated. The presence of HPC in CHC was examined in relation to histological and virological parameters and patient age. Fifty liver biopsies of HCV–infected patients were examined. ... Skip segment Hirschsprungs disease: a systematic review - Pediatric Surgery International O'Donnell AM et al. – SSHD (Skip segment' Hirschsprung's disease) occurs predominantly in patients with TCA (total colonic aganglionosis). The existence of a skip area of normally innervated colon in TCA may influence surgical management, enabling surgeons to preserve and use the ganglionated skip area during pull–through operations.... Research perspectives in the etiology of congenital anorectal malformations using data of the International Consortium on Anorectal Malformations: evidence for risk factors across different populations - Pediatric Surgery International Wijers CHW et al. – First results show that both genetic and environmental factors may contribute to the multifactorial etiology of ARM. The International Consortium on Anorectal Malformations will provide possibilities to study and detect important genes and environmental risk factors for ARM, ultimately resulting in better genetic counseling, improved therapies, and primary prevention.... September 02, 2010 Insulin-like growth factors and liver cancer risk in male smokers - British Journal of Cancer Major JM et al. – The liver is the primary source of circulating insulin–like growth factor (IGF)–I, yet the relation between IGFs and liver cancer is uncertain. Low IGF–I and IGFBP–3 levels in male smokers are associated with increased risk of liver cancer.... Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease: A Chemotherapy-Related Toxicity in Children with Malignancies - Pediatric Drugs Cefalo MG et al. – Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria supported by characteristic ultrasound findings, with the gold standard investigation being hepatic–venous pressure gradient measurement and biopsy. Several treatment options have been tested; the most convincing approach to date is the use of defibrotide, a novel oligonucleotide with antithrombotic and antiplatelet aggregating properties, as well as endothelial–stabilizing effects. This agent, together with other specific forms of supportive care, has shown efficacy in the treatment of established VOD and promising results in the prevention of VOD in pediatric patients receiving chemotherapy.... Exploring Disparities and Variability in Perceptions and Self-Reported Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Three Ethnic Subgroups of U. S. Blacks - Oncology Nursing Forum Gwede CK et al. – This exploratory, developmental pilot study identified lack of awareness, low risk perception, and distinct barriers to screening. The findings support the need for a larger community–based study to elucidate and address disparities among subgroups.... Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine and Prevention of Gastroenteritis Hospitalizations in Australia - Pediatrics Field EJ et al. – RV5 is highly effective at preventing rotavirus hospitalizations in a developed country setting, confirming efficacy figures from the pivotal clinical trial. Additional direct and indirect effects are substantial and include reductions in nonrotavirus AGE hospitalizations in vaccinated age groups and rotavirus and nonrotavirus AGE hospitalization rates in older age groups.... Bilirubin Binding Contributes to the Increase in Total Bilirubin Concentration in Newborns With Jaundice - Pediatrics Ahlfors CE et al. – Plasma bilirubin binding avidity contributes significantly to delta BT. This component of delta BT is associated with a lower risk of bilirubin neurotoxicity, and studies aimed at incorporating plasma bilirubin binding avidity measurements into the algorithms used for management of newborn jaundice seem warranted.... More News...